What is HTML?

 HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is primarily used for developing web pages and web applications. It basically describes the basic structure of any web page and tells the browser how to display content. 

Hyper Text: Hypertext simply means "text in the text". The text has links and is hypertext. Every time you click a link that takes you to a new web page, you're clicking on the hypertext. Hypertext is a way to link two or more web pages (HTML documents).

Markup Language: Markup languages ​​are computer languages ​​used to apply layout and formatting rules to text documents. Markup languages ​​make the text more interactive and dynamic. You can convert text to images, tables, links, and more.

Web page: Web pages are documents, usually written in HTML and translated by a web browser. You can identify the web page by entering the URL. Web pages can be static or dynamic. You can only create static web pages with the help of HTML.

History of HTML:

Tim Berners-Lee is known as the father of HTML. The first available description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags" proposed by Tim in late 1991. HTML versions are discussed below:

HTML 1.0: HTML 1.0 was released in 1991. It was a version of SGML that was able to link different documents or pages using 'href'. HTML 1.0 has 20 elements or tags.

HTML 2.0: This version was released in 1995 and was an extension of the previous version. It was able to support extra features such as form-based file upload, form elements such as text box, option box, and many more.

HTML 3.2: HTML 3.2 was published by W3C in 1997. In this version, you were able to create tables and support additional options for form elements. It can also support web pages that contain complex formulas. By January 1997, it became the official standard for all browsers. Today, it is virtually supported by most browsers.

HTML 4.01: Released in December 1999, HTML 4.01  is a very stable version of the HTML language. This version is the current official standard and provides additional support for style sheets (CSS) and scripting capabilities for various multimedia elements.

HTML 5.0: HTML5 is the latest version of the hypertext markup language. The first draft of this version was published in January 2008. There are two major organizations involved in the development of the HTML 5 version, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group), which are still under development. 

Features of HTML: 

• HTML is case-insensitive. This means you can write tags either uppercase or lowercase. But for better readability, you should write in lowercase.
• It is very easy to understand language. It has many formatting tags for effective presentation.
• It is platform-independent as it can be viewed in any browser like Windows, Linux, etc.
• It has options for graphics, videos, and images for better presentation.
• It facilities developers to embed any links to documents, web pages, etc.

Prerequisites:

Before proceeding with the tutorial, you should have a basic working knowledge of the Windows or Linux operating system. In addition, you need the following knowledge: 

 

 Experience with text editors such as Notepad, Notepad ++, and EditPlus. 

 How to create directories and files on your computer. 

 How to navigate different directories. 

 How to enter content into a file and save it on your computer. 

 Understanding images in various formats such as JPEG and PNG.